Identifying and Validating Coaching Components for Managers of Government Organizations with an Emphasis on Sustainable Human Resources
Keywords:
Government Organizations, Coaching, Sustainable Human Resources, Manager CoachingAbstract
The aim of this study was to identify and validate the components of managerial coaching in government organizations, with a focus on sustainable human resources. This mixed-method research employed thematic analysis in the qualitative phase using semi-structured interviews with 15 experts selected via snowball sampling. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population included 810 senior, middle, and operational managers from five ministries in Iran. A stratified random sample of 261 respondents completed a 135-item questionnaire. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS, while reliability and validity were tested through multiple indices. The qualitative analysis revealed 7 main themes (personal and professional characteristics of the coach, coaching process, knowledge-orientation, organizational transformation, technology and equipment, interaction capability, and support and resources), 22 sub-themes, and 135 indicators. Quantitative results confirmed the reliability and validity of all constructs. The model explained 57% of the variance in dependent variables (R²=0.571), indicating a strong explanatory and predictive capability. The findings highlight that managerial coaching, when structured around individual, procedural, organizational, and technological dimensions, significantly contributes to sustainable human resource development in government organizations. The proposed model serves as a strategic framework for enhancing managerial effectiveness, improving organizational performance, and fostering sustainable human resources in the public sector.
Downloads
References
Abravenal, M., & Gavin, J. (2017). Exploring the evolution of coaching through the Lens of innovation. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring, 15(1), 24-41. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317368184_Exploring_the_evolution_of_coaching_through_the_lens_of_innovation
Alexander, P. D., Gordon, A. B., Marte, B., & Göran, K. (2024). Exploring the experiences and perceptions of coaches, athletes, and integrated support teams towards the management of three national Paralympic teams. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 71, 102588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102588
Arabshahi Kordzi, A., & Hosseini, M. (2022). The Role of Organizational Coaching in Public Service Motivation with the Mediating Role of Positive Organizational Behavior (Case Study: Staff in the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences). Management in Organizational Education, 11(2), 13-39. https://doi.org/10.52547/meo.11.2.13
Arshadi, M., Robati, A., & Tahmoursi, N. (2019). Investigating the Effectiveness of the Coaching Process on Job Self-Efficacy and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Social Psychology Research, 9(35), 89-106. https://www.socialpsychology.ir/article_102049_en.html?lang=en
Dastgardi, M., Mohammadi, M., Yaqoubi, N. M., & Mahmoudzadeh, M. (2021). Designing an Organizational Coaching Model in Iranian Government Organizations with a Data-Grounded Approach. Scientific Journal of Organizational Culture Management, 19(3), 529-550. https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_79387.html?lang=en
Esmaeili, A., Rahimi, F., & Naddef, M. (2017). Examining the Impact of Organizational Coaching on Individual Non-productive Behaviors in the Workplace: The Mediating Role of Positive Organizational Climate. Management Research in Iran, 21(3), 167-191. https://mri.modares.ac.ir/article_430_en.html
Etehadiyan Moghadam, N., Tahghighi, M., & Omidi, E. (2022). Coaching Mindset and Its Impact on Business Development with a Focus on Educational Businesses. https://en.civilica.com/doc/1780115/
Fey, N., Emma, N., Mats, E., & Kirsi, M. (2022). How peer coaching fosters employee proactivity and well-being within a self-managing Finnish digital engineering company. Organizational Dynamics, 51(3), 100864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2021.100864
Ghaffari, F., Ahmadi, K., & Salavati, A. (2021). Designing a Model to Expand the Concept of Performance Coaching for Employees in Iranian Government Organizations. Police Human Resources Quarterly, 15(65), 332-342. https://sid.ir/paper/1038277/en
Gharib, H., Haji Fathali, S., Delai Milan, R., & Akbari, A. (2023). The Importance and Role of Coaching in Modern Organizations and Companies. The Sixth International Conference on New Developments in Management, Economics, and Accounting, Tehran. https://en.civilica.com/doc/1861566/
Haji Zadeh, H., & Fouad Makvandi, Q. A. (2021). Designing a Coaching Model for the Operational Managers of the Persian Gulf Petrochemical Industries Company to Motivate Human Resources. Training and Development of Human Resources, 8(29). https://doi.org/10.52547/istd.31193.8.29.52
Liu, W., Zhang, B., Sun, R., & Li, S. (2024). Busting the blackbox between managerial coaching behaviors and employee outcomes from a perspective of discrete emotional process mechanism. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 45(6), 954-975. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-05-2023-0219
McCarthy, G., & Milner, J. (2019). Ability, motivation and opportunity: managerial coaching in practice. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 58(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12219
Nur Izzaty, M., Ishak Abd, R., Abdullah Sanusi, O., Suhaila, A., & Nurshahira, I. (2024). How Does Managerial Coaching Affect Talent Development? The Mediating Role of Subordinates' Learning Motivation. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 30(6), 3554-3568. https://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i6.4034
Pashaie, S., Mohammadi, S., & Deng, T. (2024). Unlocking Athlete Potential: The Evolution of Coaching Strategies Through Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part P Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1177/17543371241300889
Pourjamshidi, H., Rezaei, B., & Naderi, N. (2022). Designing a Conceptual Model of Barriers to Business Coaching Development in the Iranian Market. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 15(4), 615-624. https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_91260.html
Radmand, A., & Nargesiyan, A. (2019). Effective Feedback in the Coaching Process: Antecedents, Actions, and Consequences. The Seventh National Conference on Management Research and Humanities in Iran, https://en.civilica.com/doc/1022653/
Rafti, M., Mousikhani, M., Zabihi, M. R., & Ghobani, M. (2021). Designing an Organizational Coaching Model in Government Organizations with an Approach to Organizational Soft Productivity. Productivity management, 15(1), 77-106. https://sid.ir/paper/397461/en
Rekalde, J., Landeta, E., Albizu, P., & Fernandez, F. (2017). Is executive coaching more effective than other management training and development methods? https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-10-2016-0688
Seemann, P., Štofková, Z., Poliaková, A., Biňasová, V., & Loučanová, E. (2024). Coaching approach as a sustainable means of improving the skills of management students. Administrative Sciences, 14(6), 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci14060114
Vahedi, N., Bay, N., & Qazalsaflou, H. R. (2024). The effect of managers' coaching skills on employee job engagement in youth and sports departments with the mediating role of job crafting. Human Resource Management in Sports, 11(2), 317-332. https://shm.shahroodut.ac.ir/article_3034.html?lang=en
Wexler, J., Shelton, A., Swanson, E., Payne, S. B., Sayers, R., Johnston, T., Hogan, E. K., & Stark, K. (2025). The Development of a Coaching Model: Challenges and Implications for Intervention Research. Remedial and Special Education, 1. https://doi.org/10.1177/07419325241304126
Downloads
Published
Submitted
Revised
Accepted
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Alireza Zare Zaidi (Author); Seyed Ahmad Jafari Kelarijani; Asadolleh Mehrara, Mohammadreza Bagherzadeh (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
