Validation of the Alignment Model between Information Technology Strategies and Business Strategies from the Perspective of Secondary School Principals in Tabriz

Abstract

This study aimed to design and validate a comprehensive model for strategic alignment between information technology (IT) and business strategies from the perspective of secondary school principals in Tabriz to identify key enabling and inhibiting factors and provide a localized framework for digital management in education. A mixed-methods design was employed. In the qualitative phase, 10 IT and education experts were selected through theoretical saturation sampling and interviewed using a semi-structured protocol. Data were analyzed through open, axial, and selective coding. In the quantitative phase, a researcher-developed questionnaire based on the qualitative findings and literature was distributed to all 250 secondary school principals in Tabriz. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability, while convergent and discriminant validity were confirmed via AVE and the Fornell–Larcker criterion. Structural equation modeling and fit indices were used to validate the conceptual model. The proposed model demonstrated excellent fit (χ²/df=1.79, RMSEA=0.043, GFI=1, AGFI=0.89, NFI=1, GOF=0.911). Human resource management and information security had significant direct effects on IT–business strategic alignment (β=0.65 and β=0.72). Additionally, business strategies significantly predicted the development of human resource management (β=0.28) and information security (β=0.35). The validated model provides a robust and practical framework for educational managers and policymakers to integrate IT strategy with organizational objectives, enhancing strategic planning and supporting digital transformation in schools.