Developing a Knowledge Management Model for Intergenerational Entrepreneurs in Science and Technology Parks

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a comprehensive model explaining the dimensions, components, and mechanisms of knowledge management among intergenerational entrepreneurs in science and technology parks. This applied study employed a qualitative, exploratory design based on thematic analysis. Participants consisted of experts and professionals in knowledge management, entrepreneurship, innovation, science and technology parks, and knowledge-based companies who were selected through purposive sampling according to their relevant academic expertise and executive experience. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted both face-to-face and online. Interviews continued until theoretical saturation was achieved with 16 participants, with each interview lasting approximately 45–90 minutes. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and repeatedly reviewed. Relevant meaning units were subsequently extracted, coded, and organized into basic codes, organizing themes, and overarching themes through a systematic thematic analysis process. The thematic analysis identified 13 organizing themes and eight overarching themes: human and communicative foundations of intergenerational knowledge management; a knowledge-oriented and innovative organizational culture; knowledge leadership and governance within the entrepreneurial ecosystem; management and transfer of entrepreneurs’ experiential knowledge; structural and network infrastructures for knowledge management; intergenerational synergy in innovation and technology development; an intelligent learning and innovation ecosystem; and barriers and challenges to intergenerational knowledge management. The relationships among the themes indicated that trust, interaction, and reciprocal learning constitute the foundations of knowledge flows, while knowledge-oriented culture and leadership facilitate these processes. Documentation and transfer of tacit knowledge contributed to preserving accumulated intellectual capital, whereas combining the managerial experience and foresight of older generations with the technological knowledge, agility, and innovative capabilities of younger generations promoted innovation and competitive advantage. Knowledge hiding, unhealthy competition, resistance to change, and generational gaps emerged as the principal inhibiting factors. Intergenerational entrepreneurial knowledge management in science and technology parks is a multilevel, reciprocal, and ecosystem-based process whose effectiveness depends on the integration of human trust and interaction, knowledge-oriented culture and leadership, flexible structures, knowledge networks, experiential knowledge transfer, and complementary technological capabilities across generations. The proposed model can therefore provide a framework for preserving intellectual capital, strengthening intergenerational learning, promoting innovation, and enhancing the sustainability of entrepreneurial ecosystems.