Validation of the Model of Political Capital-Related Factors in Governmental Organizations

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to validate a model of the factors related to political capital in governmental organizations. The present study employed a mixed-methods design (qualitative–quantitative) using a thematic analysis approach. In terms of objective, it is categorized as developmental research. The qualitative sample consisted of university professors, scholars, and experts in the field of political capital. The quantitative population included the personnel (managers, deputies, and experts) of the Governor’s Office and the Provincial Government Office in Sanandaj city. For data analysis, thematic analysis was used in the qualitative phase, while structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed in the quantitative phase. The data collection instruments included interviews and questionnaires. Based on the findings from the interviews, a total of 83 initial open codes (primary concepts) were extracted. Through a three-phase coding process, these were organized into 19 sub-themes and 4 main themes. According to the paradigm model, the sub-themes were grouped into two categories: influencing factors and components constituting political capital within the organization. The results of the path analysis using structural equation modeling indicated that the dominance of political behavior in the organization had a significant effect on political capital with a path coefficient of 0.619 and a critical ratio of 21.704. Organizational politicking influenced political capital with a path coefficient of 0.655 and a critical ratio of 18.309. Finally, proper interpretation and implementation of laws affected political capital with a path coefficient of 0.574 and a critical ratio of 44.176. Findings from open and axial coding and content analysis revealed that the three main themes—dominance of political behavior in the organization, organizational politicking, and correct interpretation and implementation of laws—are key antecedents of political capital. Political factors, awareness and communication, and individual managerial capabilities constitute the core components of political capital in organizations. Outcomes of political capital in organizations may include influence over decision-making, optimization of organizational resources, development of an ideal organizational structure, and enhanced employee motivation. Therefore, based on the results, improving communication skills and establishing effective interactions with colleagues, managers, and other organizational members can significantly contribute to the reinforcement of political capital.